Meet Code Compliance: Adhere to industry standards such as ASME B31.1 (Power Piping) or ASME B31.3 (Process Piping).
Optimize Design: Minimize material use while ensuring sufficient flexibility and support.
Avoid Equipment Damage: Protect connected equipment such as pumps, compressors, and vessels from excessive loads.
Primary Loads
Internal Pressure: Causes hoop and longitudinal stress.
Weight: Includes the pipe's own weight, fluid inside, insulation, and fittings.
Secondary Loads
Thermal Expansion/Contraction: Due to temperature variations.
Seismic Loads: Earthquake forces.
Wind Loads: Especially for outdoor and elevated piping.
Support Settlement: Differential movement at pipe supports.
Occasional Loads
Water Hammer
Relief Valve Thrust
Operational Vibrations
Stress Calculation: Use software tools (like CAESAR II, AutoPIPE) to compute stresses in the piping.
Flexibility Analysis: Assess ability to accommodate thermal expansion.
Support Design: Design hangers, anchors, and guides to control movement and distribute loads.
Load Combinations: Evaluate stress under combined conditions like pressure + thermal + seismic.
Model the Piping System: Create a digital model with dimensions, materials, and constraints.
Define Load Cases: Include pressure, temperature, and displacement.
Analyze Results: Identify overstressed regions, excessive displacement, or support overloads.
Modify Design: Add loops, expansion joints, or supports as needed.
Revalidate: Rerun the analysis after modifications.
CAESAR II
AutoPIPE
ROHR2
PIPESTRESS
ANSYS (for advanced FEA)
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